RESEARCH REPORT resources. The ISKP did not factor in signi icantly in the displacement landscape. Additionally, the Taliban have in licted a series of atrocities upon local communities, including forced displacement of locals, destruction or occupation of private properties for armed activities, killing and wounding of civilians, kidnapping or taking hostage, illicit taxation, destruction of agricultural farms and livestock, torture, rape and other forms of sexual abuse. The continued ighting between the Taliban and the ANDSF is an additional cause of civilian displacement. This study explored a three-dimensional durable displacement strategy with the displaced population: a) reintegration into host communities, b) return to places of origins, and c) resettlement in a third place. Over reintegration into host communities or return to places of origin, the displaced population were equally divided. About 43 percent percent opted for reintegration in host communities and another 43 percent preferred return to their places of origin as their durable strategy. Only a minority of 14 percent opted for resettlement in a third place. This research also studied the underlying conditions and social-economic dynamics of displaced populations, their interactions with host communities and access to basic services and facilities. The research revealed a positive correlation between the host communities and the displaced populations. About 55 percent of displaced population were welcomed and 29 percent had shared educational, health and water facilities with local communities. Only a minority of seven percent reported tension and confrontation with their host communities. The indings suggest that inclusion of both host communities and the displaced populations in the development, design, and implementation of con lict resolution strategies or e orts might lead to a more e ective resolution of con lict between these two communities, paving the way for a more durable and sustainable peacebuilding and development environment. The research also highlights that whilst the displaced populations are often in good terms with their host communities, they face a series of serious challenges and di iculties in their daily lives. The research revealed that about 58 percent of the respondents lacked shelter, 42 percent to school and educational services, 40 percent access to drinking water, 37 percent access to health and clinical facilities and 23 percent to WASH facilities. Overall, the data collected in this research illustrates that the displaced populations live under extremely di icult situations where around 50 percent lack access to basic and fundamental services. For instance, only three percent of the participants reported to have access to land and property, three percent to housing and 15 percent to accommodation. The study suggests that ff f ff f f f f f ff ff 8