RESEARCH REPORT Figure 1: Female Returnees and IDPs Discussing Concerns and Demands During Group Work INTRODUCTION F our decades of war and insecurity has forced millions of Afghans to lee their homes turning the situation into a humanitarian crisis. Currently, Afghanistan makes up the second largest group of refugees worldwide.1 Additionally, more than 3 million Afghans are internally displaced due to con lict and natural disasters.2 In 2020 alone, 380,000 were displaced due to the con lict and violence. Another 868,000 refugees returned from neighboring countries of Iran (860,000) and Pakistan (7,900). On top of these numbers, 6,000 have been deported from Turkey in addition to many other from European countries3. Internally displaced and returnee UNHCR (2018) ‘Solutions Strategy for Afghan Refugees: Enhancing Resilience and Co-Existence through Greater Responsibility-Sharing’. Available at: https://data2.unhcr.org/en/documents/download/66534. 1 OCHA (2017) ‘2018 Humanitarian Needs Overview: Afghanistan’, United Nations O ice for the Coordination of Humanitarian A airs, (December), p. 54. Available at: https://www.humanitarianresponse.info/en/operations/ afghanistan/document/afghanistan-humanitarian-needs-overview-2018. 2 OCHA. 23 January 2021. “Snapshot of Population Movements (January to December 2020)”. OCHA: Afghanistan. https://www.humanitarianresponse.info/sites/www.humanitarianresponse.info/ iles/documents/ iles/ afg_population_movement_snapshot_20210114.pdf 3 f f ff f f f ff 10