On July 23, 2016, two suicide bombers denoted their explosives among protesters at Dehmazang Square in Kabul, Afghanistan. The protesters, who were primarily Hazaras, were part of the Enlightenment Movement. They were protesting against the decision that diverted the TUTAP mega power project to bypass Hazara-dominated areas. According to multiple sources, at least 84 protesters were killed and around 260-400 people were injured. The Islamic State of Khorasan Province (IS-KP), the regional branch of ISIS, claimed responsibility for the attack. However, the same organization later refuted their involvement in the attack.

The Enlightenment Movement, also known as Junbesh-e Roshnayi-e, was a grassroots civil disobedience movement started by Hazaras in Afghanistan. It emerged in response to a change in plans of the Fichtner GmbH & Co. KG proposed Energy Supply Improvement Investment Program, unofficially called the TUTAP Project, which would cause it to bypass Hazara regions. The move was seen as perpetuating long-standing anti-Hazara discrimination. Throughout 2016 and 2017, the Enlightenment Movement involved large-scale demonstrations against discrimination both domestically in Afghanistan and abroad.